cci group  (Exosome Diagnostics)

Journal: Scientific reports

Article Title: Neuroprotective potential of intranasally delivered L-myc immortalized human neural stem cells in female rats after a controlled cortical impact injury.

doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-44426-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 1. Visualization of intranasally administered NSCs in the injured neurogenic zone. (A–C) 1 mm-thick coronal brain sections were stained for astrocytes (far-red), maturing neurons (red), and nuclei (blue). Location of z-stacks for contralateral (Fig. S1) hemispheres for each brain are labeled on 10× magnification cross- sectional tile images. (D) eGFP signal was only produced in TBI + LMNSC008 tissue. (E–P) 3D images of 250–350 µm-thick z-stacks taken at 10× magnification show individual and merged color channels as well as the localization of eGFP-labeled LMNSC008 cells at 39 days post-surgery from SHAM + VEH, –CCI + VEH, and CCI + LMNSC008 groups. (Q–S) Histograms of respective = IMARIS NeuN and GFAP quantifications in both the ipsilateral (impact) and contralateral (non-impact) hemispheres showing the average number of cells for various cell sizes. (Q) SHAM + VEH: NeuN expression in TBI versus CL hemisphere using unpaired t test p < 0.002; GFAP p < 0.01. (R) CCI + VEH: NeuN expression in TBI versus CL hemisphere p < 0.0001; GFAP p < 0.0005. (S) CCI + NSC: NeuN in TBI versus CL p < 0.0001; GFAP p < 0.001. Data were analyzed using unpaired t test, two-tailed p values shown.

Article Snippet: Location of z-stacks for contralateral (Fig. S1) hemispheres for each brain are labeled on 10× magnification crosssectional tile images. (D) eGFP signal was only produced in TBI + LMNSC008 tissue. (E–P) 3D images of 250–350 μm-thick z-stacks taken at 10× magnification show individual and merged color channels as well as the localization of eGFP-labeled LMNSC008 cells at 39 days post-surgery from SHAM + VEH, –CCI + VEH, and CCI + LMNSC008 groups. (Q–S) Histograms of respective = IMARIS NeuN and GFAP quantifications in both the ipsilateral (impact) and contralateral (non-impact) hemispheres showing the average number of cells for various cell sizes. (Q) SHAM + VEH: NeuN expression in TBI versus CL hemisphere using unpaired t test p < 0.002; GFAP p < 0.01. (R) CCI + VEH: NeuN expression in TBI versus CL hemisphere p < 0.0001; GFAP p < 0.0005. (S) CCI + NSC: NeuN in TBI versus CL p < 0.0001; GFAP p < 0.001.

Techniques: Staining, Labeling, Produced, Expressing, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Scientific reports

Article Title: Neuroprotective potential of intranasally delivered L-myc immortalized human neural stem cells in female rats after a controlled cortical impact injury.

doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-44426-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 2. Visualization of NSCs in the damaged areas of the female rat TBI after intranasal administration. (A–C) Staining of astrocytes (far red), maturing neurons (red), and nuclei (blue) on 1 mm-thick coronal rat brain sections in TBI and cortical regions of the brain. (E–P) 3D images of Z-stacks taken at 10× magnification through 250–350 µm show individual and merged color channels as well as the localization of eGFP-labeled LMNSC008 NSCs 39 days post-surgery of three female rat brains from groups: SHAM + VEH, CCI + VEH, and CCI + NSC. (Q–S) Quantifications of NeuN and GFAP staining in both the TBI and CL hemispheres. (D) Green eGFP signal was only seen in the CCI + NSC brain section. (Q) SHAM + VEH: NeuN expression in TBI versus CL hemisphere using unpaired t test p < 0.0001; GFAP p < 0.0065. (R) CCI + VEH: NeuN expression in TBI versus CL hemisphere p < 0.0002; GFAP p < 0.001. (S) CCI + NSC: NeuN in TBI versus CL p < 0.0001; GFAP p < 0.001. Data were analyzed using unpaired t test, two-tailed p values shown.

Article Snippet: Location of z-stacks for contralateral (Fig. S1) hemispheres for each brain are labeled on 10× magnification crosssectional tile images. (D) eGFP signal was only produced in TBI + LMNSC008 tissue. (E–P) 3D images of 250–350 μm-thick z-stacks taken at 10× magnification show individual and merged color channels as well as the localization of eGFP-labeled LMNSC008 cells at 39 days post-surgery from SHAM + VEH, –CCI + VEH, and CCI + LMNSC008 groups. (Q–S) Histograms of respective = IMARIS NeuN and GFAP quantifications in both the ipsilateral (impact) and contralateral (non-impact) hemispheres showing the average number of cells for various cell sizes. (Q) SHAM + VEH: NeuN expression in TBI versus CL hemisphere using unpaired t test p < 0.002; GFAP p < 0.01. (R) CCI + VEH: NeuN expression in TBI versus CL hemisphere p < 0.0001; GFAP p < 0.0005. (S) CCI + NSC: NeuN in TBI versus CL p < 0.0001; GFAP p < 0.001.

Techniques: Staining, Labeling, Expressing, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Molecular Pain

Article Title: Mechanism of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in alleviating neuropathic pain in CCI rats

doi: 10.1177/17448069261417109

Figure Lengend Snippet: The impact of exosomes on pain behavior in CCI rats. (a) Mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) of rats in Sham group, CCI group, and Exo group. (b) Thermal withdrawal latency (PWL) of rats in Sham group, CCI group, and Exo group ns indicates p > 0.05; * denotes the difference between the Exo group and the CCI group; # denotes the difference between the Sham group and the CCI group; **** p < 0.001; #### p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Relative to the CCI group, exosome-treated rats (Exo group) showed no statistically significant difference in PWT ( p > 0.05), but exhibited a marked increase in PWL ( p < 0.001).

Techniques:

Journal: Molecular Pain

Article Title: Mechanism of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in alleviating neuropathic pain in CCI rats

doi: 10.1177/17448069261417109

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effect of exosomes on inflammatory factors in the spinal dorsal horn of CCI rats. (a–c) represent the intra-group and inter-group comparison results of NF-κB, TNF-α, and IL-6 at D7 and D14 in the spinal cord Sham group, CCI group, and Exo group, respectively. Here, ns p > 0.05; * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; **** p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Relative to the CCI group, exosome-treated rats (Exo group) showed no statistically significant difference in PWT ( p > 0.05), but exhibited a marked increase in PWL ( p < 0.001).

Techniques: Comparison

Journal: Molecular Pain

Article Title: Mechanism of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in alleviating neuropathic pain in CCI rats

doi: 10.1177/17448069261417109

Figure Lengend Snippet: Changes in mRNA content of A1, A2, and GFAP in spinal cord astrocytes of CCI rats treated with exosomes. (a–c) Represent the intra-group and inter-group comparison results of GFAP, S100A10 mRNA, and C3 mRNA in the spinal dorsal horn at D7 and D14 for the Sham group, CCI group, and Exo group, respectively. ns p > 0.05; * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: Relative to the CCI group, exosome-treated rats (Exo group) showed no statistically significant difference in PWT ( p > 0.05), but exhibited a marked increase in PWL ( p < 0.001).

Techniques: Comparison

Journal: Molecular Pain

Article Title: Mechanism of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in alleviating neuropathic pain in CCI rats

doi: 10.1177/17448069261417109

Figure Lengend Snippet: Changes in A1 and A2 protein content in spinal cord astrocytes of CCI rats treated with exosomes. (a–d) Represent the intra-group and inter-group comparison results of C3 and S100A10 in the spinal dorsal horn at D7 and D14 for the Sham group, CCI group, and Exo group, respectively. Here, ns p > 0.05; * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: Relative to the CCI group, exosome-treated rats (Exo group) showed no statistically significant difference in PWT ( p > 0.05), but exhibited a marked increase in PWL ( p < 0.001).

Techniques: Comparison

Journal: Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology

Article Title: Minocycline Abrogates Individual Differences in Nerve Injury-Evoked Affective Disturbances in Male Rats and Prevents Associated Supraspinal Neuroinflammation

doi: 10.1007/s11481-024-10132-y

Figure Lengend Snippet: Experimental timeline for rat behaviour and interventions. The coloured bars and symbols indicate the experimental days on which the listed experimental conditions and paradigms took place. For the seven days following acclimation, all rats began weight restriction to 90% of their free-feeding weight to maximise motivation for sucrose pellet seeking, then underwent 7 days of daily shaping on the radial arm maze (RAM) task. Rats underwent chronic constriction injury (CCI) or sham surgery, and a subgroup of each were administered chronic minocycline from the first day following surgery (see 2.3 ) or received vehicle only (tap water). A total of 21 days of behavioural post-testing followed, which included daily RAM testing and five days each of motor and sensory testing as indicated in the figure. Rats were perfused following RAM testing on day 21

Article Snippet: Sham and CCI minocycline groups were administered 40 mg/kg/day minocycline hydrochloride (M344800, Toronto Research Chemicals, Canada) dissolved daily in their drinking water from 24 h following surgery.

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology

Article Title: Minocycline Abrogates Individual Differences in Nerve Injury-Evoked Affective Disturbances in Male Rats and Prevents Associated Supraspinal Neuroinflammation

doi: 10.1007/s11481-024-10132-y

Figure Lengend Snippet: Affective and memory-related behavioural phenotyping of radial maze foraging behaviour in nerve-injured and minocycline-treated rats. ( A ) The number of rats classified as ‘ affected ’ in vehicle- and minocycline-administered groups. No minocycline-treated rats achieved the affected criteria. ( B ) The time spent in the central atrium of the radial maze, normalised per number of arm entries. This measure was used to define the unaffected and affected groups. ( C ) The frequency of stretch-attend postures was significantly elevated in affected rats at all time points compared with unaffected rats, CCI minocycline rats, and sham vehicle rats. ( D ) Time spent at the end of an arm was similarly elevated in affected rats at all time points. ( E ) The frequency of reference memory errors was lower in CCI minocycline rats than unaffected rats in days 1–7 post-surgery. ( F ) Correlation matrix of the Pearson correlation, and its statistical significance, between each radial maze parameter for affected rats. Heatmap-coloured circles above the diagonal represent the value of Pearson’s r where green is more positively correlated and red is more negatively correlated, with the size of the circle representing the r value. Values below the diagonal are the r values used to generate the heatmap. Statistically significant correlations are indicated with asterisks. Column graphs show group means ± standard error, with individual data points corresponding to the mean value for one rat over its daily trials in the indicated seven days. CA: time in central atrium; TIEOA: time at end of arm; NPs: nose pokes; SAPs: stretch-attend postures; WMEs: working memory errors; RMEs: reference memory errors; POs: pellet omissions; PE: pellets eaten. * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01 *** P < 0.001; **** P < 0.0001

Article Snippet: Sham and CCI minocycline groups were administered 40 mg/kg/day minocycline hydrochloride (M344800, Toronto Research Chemicals, Canada) dissolved daily in their drinking water from 24 h following surgery.

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology

Article Title: Minocycline Abrogates Individual Differences in Nerve Injury-Evoked Affective Disturbances in Male Rats and Prevents Associated Supraspinal Neuroinflammation

doi: 10.1007/s11481-024-10132-y

Figure Lengend Snippet: Evoked sensory and motor behaviours of nerve-injured and minocycline-treated rats. ( A ) Hindpaw withdrawal thresholds contralateral and ( B ) ipsilateral to the site of injury. Line represents the mean of all rats in the indicated experimental group ± standard error. The ‘pre’ time point represents the mean across three pre-testing days. ( C ) Linear regression between time spent in the central atrium of the radial maze and mechanical withdrawal thresholds in CCI vehicle rats ( D ) and in CCI minocycline rats. The line-of-best-fit is indicated in blue with the 95% confidence interval shaded in grey. ( E ) Latency to fall (in seconds) off the rotarod device. ( F ) Relationship between time in the central atrium and latency to fall off the rotarod device across all rats. Line graphs show group means ± standard error. Sham vehicle: n = 9; unaffected : n = 30; affected : n = 7; sham minocycline: n = 7; CCI minocycline: n = 21. *: Sham vehicle vs. affected ; $: Sham vehicle vs. unaffected ; ^: Sham minocycline vs. CCI minocycline; @: Unaffected vs. CCI minocycline; #: Affected vs. CCI minocycline; &: Unaffected vs. affected . * P adj < 0.05; ** P adj < 0.01; *** P adj < 0.001; **** P adj < 0.0001

Article Snippet: Sham and CCI minocycline groups were administered 40 mg/kg/day minocycline hydrochloride (M344800, Toronto Research Chemicals, Canada) dissolved daily in their drinking water from 24 h following surgery.

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology

Article Title: Minocycline Abrogates Individual Differences in Nerve Injury-Evoked Affective Disturbances in Male Rats and Prevents Associated Supraspinal Neuroinflammation

doi: 10.1007/s11481-024-10132-y

Figure Lengend Snippet: FosB immunoreactivity in the ventral hippocampus of nerve-injured and minocycline-administered rats, as measured by immunofluorescent intensity within the NeuN + portion of the image. ( A ) Affected rats (CCI-A) displayed significantly higher levels of FosB immunoreactivity than CCI minocycline rats in the bilateral hippocampal ventral pole CA3 and CA1 regions. In some regions, this was also significantly elevated compared to unaffected (CCI-U) rats. ( B ) This heightened expression was also significant in the contralateral CA3 and CA1 of the ventral hippocampus. ( C ) Representative photomicrographs of FosB/ΔFosB (yellow), NeuN (red), and DAPI (blue) staining of the contralateral ventral pole CA1 of a rat from each experimental group, showing increased FosB expression specifically in the affected rat. Column graphs show group means ± standard error, with individual data points showing the expression value for one rat. Immunofluorescent intensity values are expressed in arbitrary units. * P adj < 0.05; ** P adj < 0.01

Article Snippet: Sham and CCI minocycline groups were administered 40 mg/kg/day minocycline hydrochloride (M344800, Toronto Research Chemicals, Canada) dissolved daily in their drinking water from 24 h following surgery.

Techniques: Expressing, Staining

Journal: Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology

Article Title: Minocycline Abrogates Individual Differences in Nerve Injury-Evoked Affective Disturbances in Male Rats and Prevents Associated Supraspinal Neuroinflammation

doi: 10.1007/s11481-024-10132-y

Figure Lengend Snippet: Microglia were less ramified in affected rats in distinct medial prefrontal cortex subregions, and minocycline alone caused morphological changes in some subregions. ( A ) Microglia were thresholded from IBA1 photomicrographs, converted to a binary mask, and underwent fractal analysis. ( B ) The mean fractal dimension in the contralateral mid infralimbic cortex. ( C ) Mean cell area and perimeter in the cingulate cortex across ipsilateral and contralateral sides and split by rostral, mid, and caudal extents. Column graphs show group means ± standard error, with individual data points showing the mean value of all technical replicates for one rat. CCI-U: CCI unaffected ; CCI-A: CCI affected . * P adj < 0.05; ** P adj < 0.01

Article Snippet: Sham and CCI minocycline groups were administered 40 mg/kg/day minocycline hydrochloride (M344800, Toronto Research Chemicals, Canada) dissolved daily in their drinking water from 24 h following surgery.

Techniques: